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minnesotawildflowers.info100 pages read on October 24, 2026
Worst first. 100 pages in all.
Full screen
Drawn from the HTML mttr fetched, not a screenshot.
page.md841 words, about 2,443 tokens
minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/fools-parsley
No main heading Plant Info
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goal $10000 $6316 donated Share
Aethusa cynapium (Fool's Parsley)
| Also known as: | |
|---|---|
| Genus: | Aethusa |
| Family: | Apiaceae (Carrot) |
| Life cycle: | annual, biennial |
| Origin: | Europe |
| Status: |
The rest of the page is in full screen.
- [Menu](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/fools-parsley#nav) #  goal $10000 $6316 donated [](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/page/donations) ## Share ## *Aethusa cynapium* (Fool's Parsley) | Also known as: | | | --- | --- | | Genus: | [Aethusa](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/search?scientific_name=Aethusa&wh) | | Family: | [Apiaceae (Carrot)](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/search?family=Apiaceae&wh) | | Life cycle: | annual, biennial | | Origin: | Europe | | Status: | Weedy | | Habitat: | part shade, sun; | | Bloom season: | July - August | | Plant height: | 1 to 2 feet | | [Wetland Indicator Status](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/page/glossary#wis): | none | | MN county distribution (click map to enlarge): | [](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/udata/r9ndp23q/maps/aetcyn.png) | | National distribution (click map to enlarge): | [](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/includes/modalfiles/bonap.php?s=aetcyn) | Pick an image for a larger view. See the [glossary](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/page/glossary) for icon descriptions. ### Detailed Information #### Flower:   [](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/udata/r9ndp23q/pd/aethusa-cynapium-072217-37.jpg) Several flat clusters (umbels) at the tips of branching stems and arising from upper leaf axils. Umbels are 1 to 2 inches across, made up of 10 to 20 smaller clusters (umbellets), each with 20+ 1/8-inch white flowers. Individual flowers have 5 petals, notched at the tip, 5 stamens and a greenish white center. Flowers around the perimeter of an umbellet typically have enlarged petals on the outer edge. [](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/udata/r9ndp23q/pd/aethusa-cynapium-072217-29.jpg) Around the base of an umbellet are 3 or 4 conspicuous, linear bracts that are hairless, much longer than the flower stalks, and bend down away from the flowers (reflexed). The main umbels lack bracts, though a small leaf resembling a bract may be at the base of the umbel stalk. Flower, umbel and umbellet stalks are ribbed with minute hairs along the ribs. #### Leaves and stems:    [](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/udata/r9ndp23q/pd/aethusa-cynapium-072217-23.jpg) Leaves are 2 or 3 times compound, up to 5 inches long and wide, triangular in outline. Leaflets are divided and fern-like, medium to dark green, hairless, and somewhat shiny on the upper surface. Basal and lower leaves are largest and long stalked, becoming smaller and stalkless as they ascend the stem. [](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/udata/r9ndp23q/white/aethusa-cynapium-fools-parsley_20170722_151516.jpg) Stem leaves are sheath-like where the stalk joins the stem, the sheath ribbed and hairless with whitish, membranous edging. Stems are erect, much branched, ribbed, and may have minute hairs along the ribs especially in the upper plant. #### Fruit:  [](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/udata/r9ndp23q/pd/aethusa-cynapium-072217-50.jpg) Fruits are broadly egg-shaped, slightly flattened, about 1/8 inch (to 4mm) long, and split into 2 seeds. [](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/udata/r9ndp23q/pd/aethusa-cynapium-072217-fruit-4.jpg) Seeds are thick-ribbed and narrowly winged. The remains of the style persists at the tip. #### Notes: If you do a web search for Fool's Parsley, you'll get gobs of results praising its medicinal values, notably as a remedy for milk allergies in children as well as a variety of mental conditions. It is, however, quite poisonous. “A Manual of Weeds” by Ada E. Georgia notes “its Greek name means ‘to burn’, which indicates the sort of agony that its victims feel”. Since the leaves look much like the garden variety Italian parsley, the common name seems rather fitting. Fool's Parsley joins the list of non-native carrot introductions that includes Wild Carrot (*Daucus carota*) a.k.a. [Queen Anne's lace](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/queen-annes-lace), [Wild Parsnip](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/wild-parsnip) (*Pastinaca sativa*), [Poison Hemlock](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/poison-hemlock) (*Conium maculatum*), [Caraway](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/caraway) (*Carum carvi*), [Japanese Hedge-parsley](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/japanese-hedge-parsley) (*Torilis japonica*), and [Wild Chervil](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/wild-chervil) (*Anthriscus sylvestris*). More will come, of that we are pretty certain. The only collection of Fool's Parsley in Minnesota dates back to 1878 in Lake City, Wabasha County. While this may indicate a hardiness issue, it was more recently discovered at the MN Landscape Arboretum, so it might be persisting after all. The resemblance to Queen Anne's Lace and other white carrot species spreading along roadsides across the state is possibly masking its actual distribution here. Fool's Parsley is most easily distinguished by its hairless leaves, sheaths and stems, the 3 or 4 long, drooping, linear bracts at the base of an umbellet, the main umbels lacking bracts, and the hairless, ribbed fruits. The fern-like leaves are probably most similar to [Japanese Hedge-parsley](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/japanese-hedge-parsley), which has stiff appressed hairs on leaves and stems, 2 to a few thread-like bracts at the base of umbels but not the umbellets, and hooked hairs on its fruit. ### Native Plant Nurseries, Restoration and Landscaping Services ↓ [Map of native plant resources in the upper midwest](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/page/native-plant-purveyor-locations) - [](http://www.prairiemoon.com/) - [](http://www.shootingstarnativeseed.com/) - [](http://www.morningskygreenery.com/) - [](http://www.naturalshore.com/) - [](http://www.mnnativelandscapes.com/) ### More photos - [Fool's Parsley plant](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/udata/r9ndp23q/pd/aethusa-cynapium-072217-25.jpg) - [Fool's Parsley plants](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/udata/r9ndp23q/pd/aethusa-cynapium-072217-53.jpg) - [more leaves](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/udata/r9ndp23q/pd/aethusa-cynapium-072217-24.jpg) - [close-up of flowers](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/udata/r9ndp23q/pd/aethusa-cynapium-072217-39.jpg) Photos courtesy Peter M. Dziuk taken at the Minnesota Landscape Arboretum, Carver County. ### Comments **Have you seen this plant in Minnesota,** or have any other comments about it? Posted by: Bruce Baer - Hennepin County on: 2021-07-01 12:58:31 July 1st, 2021 On the trail between the parking lot at Old Cedar Avenue Bridge and the Hiway 77 bridge. Closer to hiway 77. ## Follow Minnesota Wildflowers [](https://www.facebook.com/MinnesotaWildflowers) [](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/mnwf-rss.xml) Funding provided in part by the [Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund](http://www.lccmr.leg.mn/projects/2014/2014_recommendations.html) as recommended by the Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources. Web design and content copyright © 2006-2026 MinnesotaWildflowers.info. See [Terms of Use](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/page/terms-of-use) and [Privacy Policy](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/page/privacy-policy). Help [support this site](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/page/donations) ~ Information for [sponsor opportunities](https://minnesotawildflowers.info/page/advertising-opportunities).
No <main>: Wrap the page’s own content in <main>, so a reader knows where it starts and stops, and Clean can be measured.
The figures
100 pages, set against the 167,893 sites with figures.
- Readablehigher is better
- 100%100 of 100 pages
- All 167,893 sitesBetter than 47%
Pages whose own text is in the HTML the server sends, enough of it for their kind.
- Cleanhigher is better
- Nonemiddle page
- All 167,893 sitesNo place yetWith no figure, it has no place.
Of the words before script, the share that are the page and not menus, footer and forms. 100 pages are not measured, with no <main> or no words.
- Costshown, never scored
- 290,565tokens
- About 2,906 a page
To read every page once. A long page that answers well is not worse for it. Tokens are estimated at about 4 characters each.
How its pages spread on Clean
No page measured
0 pages measured. Not measured: 100 with no <main> or no words.
Against its rivals
The sites nearest it by what they do, with figures. Close means similar work, not better.
| Readinghigher is better | Costnot scored | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Site | Readable | Clean | Tokens a page |
| minnesotawildflowers.infoThis site, 100 pages | 100% | None | 2,906 |
| rethinkinglawns.com54 pages | 100% | 27% | 406 |
| mnnicelandscapes.com100 pages | 72% | 63% | 819 |
| fireflyforest.com85 pages | 93% | None | 1,774 |
First of 4 on Readable.
AI crawler access
What robots.txt says to each, as read on October 24, 2026. 8 of 8 may read the site.
| Crawler | robots.txt says | Used for | The line that decides |
|---|---|---|---|
| GPTBotOpenAI | Not named | Training models | Falls to User-agent: * |
| OAI-SearchBotOpenAI | Not named | ChatGPT search | Falls to User-agent: * |
| ChatGPT-UserOpenAI | Not named | A page a person asks about | Falls to User-agent: * |
| ClaudeBotAnthropic | Not named | Training models | Falls to User-agent: * |
| Claude-SearchBotAnthropic | Not named | Claude’s search | Falls to User-agent: * |
| PerplexityBotPerplexity | Not named | Perplexity search | Falls to User-agent: * |
| Google-ExtendedGoogle | Not named | Training Gemini | Falls to User-agent: * |
| bingbotMicrosoft | Not named | Bing and Copilot | Falls to User-agent: * |
Every AI crawler mttr checks may read it. Not named means the rules for every crawler apply.
Every page
Worst first. Each opens in Agent View at the top.
100 pages of 100 lose something. Pick a loss to see what to do about it.Open the action plan
| What an agent getshigher is better | Signals | Costnot scored | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Page | Words | Clean | Readable | Main heading | Tokens | What it loses |
| / | 632 | No <main> | Yes | None | 1,765 | No <main> |
| /flower/absinthium | 1,107 | No <main> | Yes | None | 2,763 | No <main> |
| /flower/allegheny-vine | 1,206 | No <main> | Yes | None | 2,675 | No <main> |
| /flower/american-birds-foot-trefoil | 922 | No <main> | Yes | None | 2,348 | No <main> |
| /flower/american-hog-peanut | 3,665 | No <main> | Yes | None | 6,212 | No <main> |
| /flower/american-pasqueflower | 1,986 | No <main> | Yes | None | 3,967 | No <main> |
| /flower/angelica | 960 | No <main> | Yes | None | 2,344 | No <main> |
| /flower/biennial-wormwood | 651 | No <main> | Yes | None | 1,853 | No <main> |
| /flower/blue-giant-hyssop | 1,892 | No <main> | Yes | None | 3,632 | No <main> |
| /flower/canada-anemone | 1,771 | No <main> | Yes | None | 3,516 | No <main> |
| /flower/carolina-anemone | 716 | No <main> | Yes | None | 2,019 | No <main> |
| /flower/chinese-chives | 1,299 | No <main> | Yes | None | 2,807 | No <main> |
| /flower/common-burdock | 4,180 | No <main> | Yes | None | 7,227 | No <main> |
| /flower/common-ragweed | 779 | No <main> | Yes | None | 2,074 | No <main> |
| /flower/common-yarrow | 1,699 | No <main> | Yes | None | 3,441 | No <main> |
| /flower/desert-madwort | 595 | No <main> | Yes | None | 1,790 | No <main> |
| /flower/dog-fennel | 600 | No <main> | Yes | None | 1,855 | No <main> |
| /flower/downy-agrimony | 944 | No <main> | Yes | None | 2,591 | No <main> |
| /flower/dragons-mouth | 735 | No <main> | Yes | None | 1,812 | No <main> |
| /flower/earleaf-false-foxglove | 827 | No <main> | Yes | None | 2,390 | No <main> |
| /flower/eastern-dwarf-mistletoe | 631 | No <main> | Yes | None | 1,847 | No <main> |
| /flower/false-dandelion | 806 | No <main> | Yes | None | 2,000 | No <main> |
| /flower/field-pussytoes | 2,485 | No <main> | Yes | None | 4,851 | No <main> |
| /flower/field-sagewort | 553 | No <main> | Yes | None | 1,706 | No <main> |
| /flower/fools-parsley | 841 | No <main> | Yes | None | 2,443 | No <main> |
The worst 25 of 100 pages.Show all 100
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Drawn again after every read
The figures in one line
minnesotawildflowers.info in Agent View: 100% of pages readable, better than 47% of sites; Clean not measured; 290,565 tokens to read all 100 pages. mttr.si/agent-view/minnesotawildflowers.info
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Claim the siteDrawn from the HTML mttr fetched on its read of October 24, 2026, not a screenshot, and only from the 100 pages read, where the read stopped at its page limit. An assistant’s own reader may differ. Tokens are estimated at about 4 characters each. A site an agent reads well is not a site an assistant cites.